How is schizophrenia diagnosed?

The diagnosis of the condition typically involves ruling out any other disorders associated with mental health. In addition, the symptoms are also assessed to determine if the cause may be due to another reason such as substance abuse, another medical condition or medication.

The following is how the diagnosis of schizophrenia is conducted:

• A physical exam is conducted in order to rule out whether the symptoms may be the result of other health-related issues.
• Screenings and tests are conducted to help rule out if alcohol or drug abuse is the cause or other medical problems with similar symptoms. A CT scan or MRI, as well as X-rays, may be conducted to help with the diagnosis.
• A psychiatric evaluation can also be done by a mental health professional (psychiatrist or a psychologist), where the mental status of the patient will be checked whilst observing the demeanour of the patient in their actions, hallucinations, delusions, thoughts and moods. This is done through the professional asking a series of questions to be answered by the patient, it can also involve a discussion of their personal history and family.
• The mental health professional or doctor may also use the criteria known as DSM-5, which refers to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. This set of criteria helps in providing an accurate diagnosis as to whether the patient is suffering from a mental condition or not.